What process is involved in determining users' information needs and identifying relationships among data?

Data modeling is the process that involves determining users' information needs and identifying relationships among data. This process is crucial in the design and structure of databases, as it lays the foundation for how data is organized, stored, and accessed. By creating a model, information system developers can visualize and structure the data in a way that meets the requirements of the users, ensuring that the data remains relevant and useful.

In data modeling, entities, attributes, and the relationships between different data sets are defined. This helps in establishing the context of the information, clarifying how different data points are connected, and ensuring that the system can effectively answer the queries and provide the insights needed by users. The better the data model reflects users' needs, the more efficient the data retrieval and processing will be in real-world applications.

The other processes listed do not specifically focus on identifying users' needs and relationships in the same way that data modeling does. Data manipulation refers to the techniques used to modify data within a database, data access architecture relates to how data can be retrieved and utilized, and Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) is more about analyzing data for decision support rather than initially determining users' information needs and data relationships.